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the information in this document is subject to change without notice. before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. not all devices/types available in every country. please check with local nec representative for availability and additional information. ? 1988,2000 bipolar analog integrated circuit m m m m pc494 switching regulator control circuit data sheet document no. g12649ej4v0ds00 (4th edition) (previous no. ic-1299) date published november 2000 ns cp(k) printed in japan description the m pc494 is an inverter control unit which provides all the control circuitry for pwm type switching regulators. included in this device is the voltage reference, dual error amplifiers, oscillator, pulse width modulator, pulse steering flip flop, dual alternating output switches and dead-time control. features complete pwm power control circuit. adjustable dead-time (0 to 100 % ). no double pulsing of same output during load transient condition. dual error amplifiers have wide common mode input voltage capability ( - 0.3 v to v cc - 2 v). circuit architecture provides easy synchronization. uncommitted outputs for 250-ma sink or source. with miss-operation prevention circuit for low level supply voltage. full pin-compatible tl494c. ordering information part number package m pc494c 16-pin plastic dip (7.62 mm (300)) m pc494g 16-pin plastic sop (9.53 mm (375)) m pc494gs 16-pin plastic sop (7.62 mm (300)) the mark h shows major revised points. pin configuration (top view) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 non-inv. input inv. input feed-back c t r t gnd c 1 non-inv. input inv. input ref out output control v cc c 2 e 2 e 1 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 dead-time control h h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 2 m m m m pc494 block diagram 12 v cc 8c 1 9e 1 11 c 2 10 e 2 14 ref out 7 gnd 6 r t 5 13 c t 4 dead-time control 1 non-inv. input 2 inv. input 16 non-inv. input 15 inv. input 3 feed-back + reference regulator low voltage stop oscillator dead-time comparator ea i ea ii pwm comparator output control f / f t + + + C C C C
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 3 m m m m pc494 absolute maximum ratings (t a = 25 c, unless otherwise noted) characteristics symbol m pc494c m pc494g m pc494gs unit supply voltage v cc - 0.3 to +41 - 0.3 to +41 - 0.3 to +41 v error amplifier input voltage v icm - 0.3 to v cc + 0.3 - 0.3 to v cc + 0.3 - 0.3 to v cc + 0.3 v output voltage v cer - 0.3 to +41 - 0.3 to +41 - 0.3 to +41 v output current i c 250 250 250 ma total power dissipation p t 1000 780 note 650 note mw operating ambient temperature t a - 20 to +85 - 20 to +85 - 20 to +85 c storage temperature t stg - 65 to +150 - 65 to +150 - 65 to +150 c note with 25 cm 2 x 1.6 mm glass-epoxy substrate. caution product quality may suffer if the absolute maximum rating is exceeded even momentarily for any parameter. that is, the absolute maximum ratings are rated values at which the product is on the verge of suffering physical damage, and therefore the product must be used under conditions that ensure that the absolute maximum ratings are not exceeded. recommended operating conditions characteristics symbol min. typ. max. unit supply voltage v cc 740v output voltage v cer - 0.3 40 v output current i c 200 ma error amplifier sink current i oamp - 0.3 ma timing capacitor c t 0.47 10000 nf timing resistance r t 1.8 500 k w oscillation frequency f osc 1 300 khz operating temperature t opt - 20 +70 c caution the recommended operating range may be exceeded without causing any problems provided that the absolute maximum ratings are not exceeded. however, if the device is operated in a way that exceeds the recommended operating conditions, the margin between the actual conditions of use and the absolute maximum ratings is small, and therefore thorough evaluation is necessary. the recommended operating conditions do not imply that the device can be used with all values at their maximum values. h h h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 4 m m m m pc494 electrical specifications (v cc = 15 v, f = 10 khz, - - - - 20 ? # t a ? #.:3 c, unless otherwise noted) (1/2) block characteristics symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit output voltage v ref i ref = 1 ma, t a = 25 c 4.75 5 5.25 v line regulation reg in 7 v ? v cc ? # 40 v, i ref = 1 ma, t a = 25 c 825mv load regulation reg l 1 ma ? i ref ? # 10 ma, t a = 25 c 115mv temperature coefficient d v ref / d t - 20 c ? t a ? # +85 c, i ref = 1 ma 0.01 0.03 %/ c reference section short circuit output current note1 i short v ref = 0 v 50 ma frequency f osc c t = 0.01 m f, r t = 12 k w , t a = 25 c 10 khz standard deviation of frequency note2 7 v ? v cc ? # 40 v, t a = 25 c, c t , r t , const. 10 % frequency change with temperature 0 c ? t a ? # 70 c, c t = 0.01 m f, r t = 12 k w 12% oscillator section frequency change with voltage 7 v ? v cc ? # 40 v, t a = 25 c, c t = 0.01 m f, r t = 12 k w 1% input bias current 0 v ? v i ? # 5.25 v - 2 - 10 m a maximum duty cycle (each output) v i = 0 v 45 49 % input threshold voltage 1 v th1 output pulse 0% duty cycle 33.3v dead- time control section input threshold voltage 2 v th2 output pulse maximum duty cycle 0v input offset voltage v io v oamp = 2.5 v 2 10 mv input offset current i io v oamp = 2.5 v 25 250 na input bias current v oamp = 2.5 v 0.2 1 m a low - 0.3 common mode input voltage high v icm 7 v ? v cc ? # 40 v v cc - 2 v open loop voltage amplification a v v oamp = 0.5 to 3.5 v, t a = 25 c 60 80 db unity gain bandwidth t a = 25 c 500 830 khz common mode rejection radio cmr v cc = # 40 v, t a = 25 c6580 db output sink current v oamp = 0.7 v 0.3 0.7 ma error amplifier section output source current v oamp = 3.5 v - 2 - 10 ma input threshold voltage (3-pin) output pulse 0% duty cycle, see figure 1 . 44.5v pwm section input sink current v (pin 3) = # 0.7 v 0.3 0.7 ma remark the typ. values are values at t a = 25 c, except for the characteristics of temperature. h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 5 m m m m pc494 (2/2) block characteristics symbol conditions min. typ. max. unit collector cut-off current i cer v ce = # 40 v, v cc = # 40 v, common emitter 100 m a emitter cut-off current v cc = # v c = # 40 v, v e = 0 v, emitter follower - 100 m a common emitter v ce(sat) i c = 200 ma, v e = 0 v 0.95 1.3 v collector saturation voltage emitter follower v ce(on) i e = - 200 ma, v c = 15 v 1.6 2.5 v output voltage rise time t r1 100 200 ns output voltage fall time common emitter t f1 v cc = # 15 v, r l = 150 w , i c @ 100 ma, t a = 25 c, see figure 1 . 70 200 ns output voltage rise time t r2 100 200 ns output section output voltage fall time emitter follower t f2 v c = # 15 v, r l = 150 w , i e @ 100 ma, t a = 25 c, see figure 1 . 70 200 ns standby current i cc(s.b) v cc = # 15 v, all other pins open. 8 12.5 ma total device bias current i cc(bi) v (pin 4) = # 2 v, see figure 1 . 10 ma remark the typ. values are values at t a = 25 c, except for the characteristics of temperature. notes 1. the short circuit output current flows for no more than 1 second. repeat operation is possible if the internal heat accumulation is not within a harmful range. 2. standard deviation is a measure of the statistical distribution about the mean as derived from the formula ; calculation expression of frequency f osc is as follows ; s = n - 1 n ? (x n - x) 2 n=1 f osc @ 0.817 r t c t + 1.42 10 - 6 1 (hz) [r t ] = w , [c t ] = f
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 6 m m m m pc494 figure1. test circuit test input 12 k w 50 k w 0.01 m f (4) c 1 e 1 c 2 e 2 ref out dead-time control feed-back r t c t non-inv. input inv. input non-inv. input inv. input output control v cc = 15 v r l 150 w 2 w r l 150 w 2 w output 1 output 2 v cc gnd note (3) (6) (5) (1) (2) (16) (15) (13) (7) (14) (12) (8) (9) (11) (10) note recommend film capacitor. caution when the emitter follower is output, connect c 1 and c 2 to v cc and e 1 and e 2 to gnd via r l . figure2. voltage waveform c 1 output voltage c 2 output voltage c t voltage dead-time control input feed-back input (e.a. output) 0.7 v threshold voltage 0% max. threshold voltage 0% v cc 0 v v cc 0 v connection of output control pin (pin no.13) output control input (pin no.13) operation mode at ref out normal push-pull operation grounded single-ended or parallel output h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 7 m m m m pc494 typical performance characteristics (unless otherwise specified, t a = 25c, v cc = 15 v, reference) 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 25 50 75 t a - ambient temperature - ?c reference voltage vs. supply voltage v cc - supply voltage - v frequency vs. r t and c t r t - timing resistance - k w 5 2 500 200 100 50 20 10 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 v ref - reference voltage - v f osc - frequency - khz 100 125 p t - maximum power dissipation - w 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 40 20 0 C20 C40 C60 4 2 0 C2 C4 C6 4 C25 0 25 50 75 100 567 v cc - supply voltage - v frequency vs. ambient temperature C25 0 25 50 75 100 miss-operation prevention circuit characteristics v ce - output voltage - v m pc494c m pc494g* m pc494gs* 160?c/w 192?c/w thermal resistance r th(j-a) 125?c/w * : with 25 cm x 1.6 mm glass-epoxy substrate maximum power dissipation test circuit 5 v 430 w v ce 8 9 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 500 200 100 50 20 10 5 2 1 v cc = 15 v i ref = 1 ma v cc = 15 v r t = 12 k w c t = 0.01 m f v cc = 15 v c t = 470 pf 1000 pf 0.01 m f 0.047 m f 2 reference voltage vs. ambient temperature t a - ambient temperature - ?c d v ref - reference voltage change - mv d f/f osc - frequency change - % t a - ambient temperature - ?c h h h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 8 m m m m pc494 collector saturation voltage vs. output current i c , i e - output current - ma 0 40 80 120 160 200 v ce (sat) - collector saturation voltage (common emitter) - v v ce (on) - collector saturation voltage (emitter follower) - v 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 v ce (on) v ce (sat) standby and bias current vs. supply voltage v cc - supply voltage - v 10 20 30 40 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 i cc (s.b) v cc terminal biased. other terminal open. i cc (bi) v dt = 2 v (pin no.4) i cc (bi) i cc (s.b) i cc (s.b) - standby current - ma i cc (bi) - bias current - ma duty cycle vs. dead-time control input voltage dead-time control input voltage - v 0123 duty cycle - % 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k 1 m 10 m f - frequency - hz a v - open-loop voltage gain - db 0 10 20 30 40 50 85?c 25?c t a = C20?c v cc = 15 v r t = 12 k w c t = 0.01 m f open-loop voltage gain vs. frequency
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 9 m m m m pc494 basic application circuit r sense gnd v out switching regulator output pin 100 w r 14 r 15 r 13 v cc c 2 c 7 c 4 c 5 c 1 c 3 0.01 m f c 6 47 m f 100 w 7.5 k w 3.9 k w 7.5 k w 110 w 240 k w 2 k w 5.1 k w 5.1 k w 5 k w vr 3 Ci osense v osense 0.01 m f jp 1 jp 2 r 1 r 5 r 2 r 8 24 k w r 7 r 12 c 2 e 2 e 1 c 1 r 4 vr 1 r 17 r 3 5.1 k w r 16 100 k w r 6 24 k w r 10 110 w r 9 110 w r 11 110 w 2 k w + 10 m f +5 v (v ref ) 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 12345678 +C error amp 2 error amp 1 reference regulator f/f oscillator 0.1 v 12 v + vr 2 +i osense + C remark f osc @ 40 khz, c 5 = 1000 pf (recommend film capacitor) h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 10 m m m m pc494 connection diagram operation mode output control input (pin no.13) output mode output voltage waveform open collector (r 9 , r 10 0 w ) c 1 c 2 push-pull operation at ref-out (jp1 wired) emitter follower (r 11 , r 12 0 w ) e 1 e 2 open collector (r 9 , r 10 0 w ) c 1 , c 2 single-ended or parallel output grounded (jp2 wired) emitter follower (r 11 , r 12 0 w ) e 1 , e 2 printed pattern (example of m m m m pc494c) (pattern side, actual size) ic1 16 1 9 8 c 6 c 4 c 5 c 2 c 3 c 7 r 8 r 6 r 5 r 3 r 17 r 16 r 15 r 14 r 13 r 12 r 11 r 10 r 9 jp 1 jp 2 r 2 r 1 r 4 vr 2 vr 3 vr 1 r 7 c 1 v cc c 2 e 2 e 1 c 1 gnd Ci osense v osense gnd +i osense
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 11 m m m m pc494 typical example of application circuits 1) forward type + C v out to ea ii (over current protection ) gnd +v cc +12 v v cc (12) (8) (9) (13) (14) (7) output control ref out gnd e 1 c 1 to ea i (v osense ) + 2) push-pull type v out + v cc c 2 e 2 e 1 c 1 gnd output control ref out v out C gnd gnd v cc output control ref out c 1 e 2 c 2 e 1 (isolated) +v cc gnd +12 v to ea ii (12) (11) (9) (8) to ea i (10) (7) (13) (14) C + (non isolated) +v cc to ea ii to ea i + + (40 v max.) (11) (9) (8) (10) (7) (13) (14) (12)
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 12 m m m m pc494 3) step-down chopper v out v cc output control gnd e 2 e 1 c 1 c 2 C +v cc to ea ii (over current protection) to ea i + + (40 v max.) (11) (9) (8) (10) (7) (13) (12) remark the dotted line indicates the connection in case of large current. syncronized operation if synchronized operation is needed, muster-slave circuit can be used. this circuit is shown below. initially, r t terminal of slave ic is connected to pin 14(ref out) and internal oscillator is stopped. +v cc (m) v cc gnd ref out r t c t (s) v cc gnd ref out r t c t r t c t (m) : master (s) : slave (12) (5) (6) (7) (14) (12) (5) (6) (7) (14)
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 13 m m m m pc494 package drawings (unit : mm) item millimeters a b c f g h i j k 20.32 max. 2.54 (t.p.) 3.5 0.3 0.51 min. 4.31 max. 1.27 max. l 0.25 7.62 (t.p.) 5.08 max. 6.5 n 1.1 min. p 1.1 min. p16c-100-300b-2 d 0.50 0.10 m 0.25 + 0.10 - 0.05 r0 ~ 15 notes each lead centerline is located within 0.25 mm of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. item "k" to center of leads when formed parallel. 1. 2. m 1 8 16 9 b i j g h c n f d m r k p 16-pin plastic dip (7.62mm(300)) a l h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 14 m m m m pc494 18 9 16 item millimeters e f 2.77 max. 0.125 0.075 b 0.78 max. c 1.27 (t.p.) d 0.42 + 0.08 - 0.07 p16gm-50-375b-6 i 7.2 j 1.6 m n 0.15 0.12 p3 + 7 - 3 b k l p g d e f detail of lead end j a 10.0 0.2 g 2.47 0.1 h 10.3 0.3 k 0.17 l 0.8 0.2 + 0.08 - 0.07 16-pin plastic sop (9.53 mm (375)) note each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. m c m ns a h i s
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 15 m m m m pc494 detail of lead end m 18 9 16 s s a b h k m l p j i g c e f n d item b c i 16-pin plastic sop (7.62 mm (300)) a d e f g h j p millimeters 1.27 (t.p.) 0.78 max. 5.6 0.2 10.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.42 1.65 0.15 7.7 0.3 1.55 + 0.08 - 0.07 1.1 0.2 3 + 7 - 3 note each lead centerline is located within 0.12 mm of its true position (t.p.) at maximum material condition. m l n 0.12 0.6 0.2 0.10 k 0.22 + 0.08 - 0.07 p16gm-50-300b-6
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 16 m m m m pc494 recommended soldering conditions when soldering this product, it is highly recommended to observe the conditions as shown below. if other soldering processes are used, or if the soldering is performed under different conditions, please make sure to consult with our sales offices. for more details, refer to our document " semiconductor device mounting technology manual"(c10535e) . type of through-hole device m m m m pc494c: 16-pin plastic dip (7.62 mm (300)) process conditions wave soldering (only to leads) solder temperature: 260c or below, flow time: 10 seconds or less. partial heating method pin temperature: 300c or below, heat time: 3 seconds or less (per each lead). caution for through-hole device, the wave soldering process must be applied only to leads, and make sure that the package body does not get jet soldered. type of surface mount device m m m m pc494g: 16-pin plastic sop (9.53 mm (375)) m m m m pc494gs: 16-pin plastic sop (7.62 mm (300)) process conditions symbol infrared ray reflow peak temperature: 230c or below (package surface temperature), reflow time: 30 seconds or less (at 210c or higher), maximum number of reflow processes: 1 time. ir30-00-1 vapor phase soldering peak temperature: 215c or below (package surface temperature), reflow time: 40 seconds or less (at 200c or higher), maximum number of reflow processes: 1 time. vp15-00-1 wave soldering solder temperature: 260c or below, flow time: 10 seconds or less, maximum number of flow processes: 1 time, pre-heating temperature: 120c or below (package surface temperature). ws60-00-1 partial heating method pin temperature: 300c or below, heat time: 3 seconds or less (per each side of the device). C caution apply only one kind of soldering condition to a device, except for "partial heating method", or the device will be damaged by heat stress. h
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 17 m m m m pc494 [memo]
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 18 m m m m pc494 [memo]
data sheet g12649ej4v0ds00 19 m m m m pc494 [memo]
m m m m pc494 m8e 00. 4 the information in this document is current as of november, 2000. the information is subject to change without notice. for actual design-in, refer to the latest publications of nec's data sheets or data books, etc., for the most up-to-date specifications of nec semiconductor products. not all products and/or types are available in every country. please check with an nec sales representative for availability and additional information. no part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without prior written consent of nec. nec assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. nec does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of nec semiconductor products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. no license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of nec or others. descriptions of circuits, software and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. the incorporation of these circuits, software and information in the design of customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of customer. nec assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by customers or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software and information. while nec endeavours to enhance the quality, reliability and safety of nec semiconductor products, customers agree and acknowledge that the possibility of defects thereof cannot be eliminated entirely. to minimize risks of damage to property or injury (including death) to persons arising from defects in nec semiconductor products, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in their design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. nec semiconductor products are classified into the following three quality grades: "standard", "special" and "specific". the "specific" quality grade applies only to semiconductor products developed based on a customer-designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. the recommended applications of a semiconductor product depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. customers must check the quality grade of each semiconductor product before using it in a particular application. "standard": computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots "special": transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) "specific": aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems and medical equipment for life support, etc. the quality grade of nec semiconductor products is "standard" unless otherwise expressly specified in nec's data sheets or data books, etc. if customers wish to use nec semiconductor products in applications not intended by nec, they must contact an nec sales representative in advance to determine nec's willingness to support a given application. (note) (1) "nec" as used in this statement means nec corporation and also includes its majority-owned subsidiaries. (2) "nec semiconductor products" means any semiconductor product developed or manufactured by or for nec (as defined above).

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